Yuzaki Lab » 2017

2017

■Two secreted synaptogenesis molecules in the central nervous system,,ja,（Annu Rev Physiol）,,en,Yuzaki M. Two classes of secreted synaptic organizers in the central nervous system,,en（Annu Rev Physiol）2017.12.18.
Yuzaki M. Two classes of secreted synaptic organizers in the central nervous system. Annu Rev Physiol 2017, in press.

In the central nervous system about 100 billion nerve cells through about 1000 trillion synapses are wired to each other。Molecule responsible for this wiring is referred to as the "synapse-forming molecules (synaptic organizer)"。After synapses that have been over-production、Unnecessary synapses during development will be pruned。The synapse formation and pruning phenomenon over a lifetime is also known to occur。Such an abnormality of synapse formation and pruning and maintenance mechanism has been found to be the cause of many mental illnesses and developmental disorders patients。In this review the、As well as summarized for secreted synaptogenesis molecules recently revealed、Added discuss the direction of future research。

■To synapses Purkinje cells are covered neatly in Bergmann glia required glutamate transporter,,ja,（PNAS）,,en,Hashimoto K,,en,Shimamoto K,,en,Tanaka K,,en,Glutamate transporter GLAST controls synaptic wrapping by Bergmann glia and ensures proper wiring of Purkinje cells,,en（PNAS）2017.4.8
Miyazaki T, Yamasaki M, Hashimoto K, Kohda K, Yuzaki M, Shimamoto K, Tanaka K,Kano M, Watanabe M. Glutamate transporter GLAST controls synaptic wrapping by Bergmann glia and ensures proper wiring of Purkinje cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 114:7438-7443, 2017.

One of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum after maturity is known to be receiving an input signal only by climbing fibers of a single。In this research、Function of glutamate transporter has revealed that it is essential for this process。This research results by Miyazaki-san and Watanabe, professor of Hokkaido University。Yuzu In Saki Institute jointly research in gene transfer methods to the Purkinje cells using a viral vector。

■It can be induced to differentiate into neural cells by introducing a single transcription factor human ES cells,,ja,(BBRC),,hu,Goparaju SK,,su,Murakami M,,en,Chikazawa-Nohtomi N,,ja,Kanai T,,en,Ko MSH,,ar,Neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells induced by the transgene-mediated,,en,overexpression of single transcription factors,,en,Biochem Biophys Res Commun,,en（BBRC）2017.4.8
Matsushita M, Nakatake Y, Arai I, Ibata K, Kohda K, Goparaju SK, Murakami M, Sakota M, Chikazawa-Nohtomi N, Ko SBH, Kanai T, Yuzaki M, Ko MSH. Neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells induced by the transgene-mediated
overexpression of single transcription factors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 490:296-301, 2017.

Research is the result by Matsushita-san and Hong professor of system Medicine。In yuzu Saki Research has revealed the function of nerve cells that have been differentiated in Ca imaging and electrophysiological。

■三叉神経節V1におけるTrpM8, TrpV1チャネル間の相互作用と片頭痛病態との関係（Cephalalgia）2017.4.8
Kayama Y, Shibata M, Takizawa T, Ibata K, Shimizu T, Ebine T, Toriumi H, Yuzaki M, Suzuki N. Functional interactions between transient receptor potential M8 and transient receptor potential V1 in the trigeminal system,,en,Relevance to migraine pathophysiology,,en,Cephalalgia,,en,Neurology of Shibata lecturer, is the research by Professor Suzuki. In yuzu Saki Research was help the Ca imaging.,,ja,Common Nature & nbsp;,,fr, 14850,,en, 45,,en,Go to table of contents for this volume/issue,,en,–150,,en: Relevance to migraine pathophysiology. Cephalalgia. 1:333102417712719, 2017.

Neurology of Shibata lecturer、This research by Professor Suzuki。We help the Ca imaging with yuzu Saki Research。

■Visualization Method for endogenous AMPA receptors by new chemical probes,,ja,(Nature Common),,fr,Chemical labelling for visualizing native AMPA receptors in live neurons,,en（Nature Commun）2017.4.8
Wakayama S, Kiyonaka S, Arai I, Kakegawa W, Matsuda S, Ibata K, Nemoto YL, Kusumi A, Yuzaki M, Hamachi I. Chemical labelling for visualizing native AMPA receptors in live neurons. Nat Commun. 8:14850, 2017.
Nature Commun8: 14850, 2017.

Excitatory neurotransmitter in our brain are borne by glutamate、Especially AMPA receptor is an important receptor that convey the fast neurotransmission。It is what the number of AMPA receptors in the postsynaptic changes in the long term、It is thought that the most fundamental processes of memory。So far about a change in the number of AMPA receptors、Or carried out by antibody staining in fixed specimens、Or it has been studied by expressing the exogenous AMPA receptor with a fluorescent probe。In this research、By developing an entirely new chemical labeling method、Endogenous AMPA receptors in the brain were visualized、We were able to observed over time the change。This achievement is the result of joint research by Kyoto University Ken Hamachi and yuzu 﨑研 that have been made with the support of the JST CREST。

■MTCL1 controls the maintenance and functional expression of the first section of the Purkinje cells via a microtubule stabilization（EMBO J）2017.3.14
Satake T, Yamashita K, Hayashi K, Miyatake S, Tamura-Nakano M, Doi H, Furuta Y, Shioi G, Miura E, Takeo YH, Yoshida K, Yahikozawa H, Matsumoto N, Yuzaki M, Suzuki S. MTCL1 plays an essential role in maintaining Purkinje neuron axon initial segment. EMBO J 36:1227-1242, 2017.

Axon's first clause (AIS) is a site that generates an action potential、Formed by the ankyrin G is controlled。But ankyrin or G is given to how the integration was not well understood。Microtubule cross-linking molecules MTCL1 was revealed that plays an essential role in the formation and maintenance of AIS in this study。Is the study of the Satake-san and Suzuki, professor of Yokohama City University。In yuzu Saki Institute jointly research in utero electroporation and organizational analysis。

■Not only synapse formation over "compensate" by complement family molecule（Curr Opin Neurobiol）2017.2.20
Yuzaki M. The C1q complement family of synaptic organizers: not just complementary. Curr Opin Neurobiol 45:9-15, 2017.

Cbln1 was discovered as a ligand for orphan receptor delta-type glutamate receptor。Then、C1q Ya、C1q-like (C1qL), etc.、Group of molecules belonging to the "complement" family has been found to play a role essential to a variety of processes such as synapse formation, maintenance, and removal。In this invited review、We outlined the current state of the current research, including the context of the human disease。

■Rapid differentiation method from the iPS cells by mRNA introduced into motor neurons（Scientific Reports）2017.2.13
Goparaju S, Kohda K, Ibata K, Soma A, Nakatake Y, Akiyama T, Wakabayashi S, Matsushita M, Sakota M, Kimura H, Yuzaki M, Ko SBH, Ko M. Rapid differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into functional motor neurons by mRNAs encoding transcription factors. Scientific Reports 13;7:42367, 2017.

By introducing mRNA encoding the transcription factor、From iPS cells to motor neurons is efficient and of a method to rapidly differentiate report。It is the thesis of the joint research of the Hong teacher of the system Medicine。Also it was featured in such Nihon Keizai Shimbun。

■A GluD Coming-of-Age Story（Trends Neurosci）2017.1.20
Yuzaki M, Aricescu AR. A GluD Coming-Of-Age Story. Trends Neurosci 40:138–150, 2017.

Since its cloning in 1993 by the three dishes, et al. And Seeburg et al.、Long orphan receptor delta glutamate receptor agonist principle was unknown as bodies (GluD) for、Is invited review paper summarizes the recent advances。